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Kyiv marks founding day with deadly drone attack from Russia

Ukraine downs 52 Iranian-made drones; tragically claims...

Russia rejects US criticism of nuclear weapon deployments in Belarus

The Russian embassy responds to the United...

Bedouins in Jordan face the challenges of climate change

In the face of a shifting climate,...
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Kyiv marks founding day with deadly drone attack from Russia

Ukraine downs 52 Iranian-made drones; tragically claims one life and injures two

In an unprecedented act of aggression, Russia conducted its largest drone assault on Kyiv during the city’s annual celebration of its founding. Ukrainian military officials reported that nearly all of the Iranian-made drones were successfully shot down.

According to the air force, they managed to bring down 52 out of 54 Shahed drones launched in successive waves against the city. However, falling debris tragically claimed the life of one man, injured two others, and caused a shopping center’s roof to catch fire.

Rescuer Combats Blaze in Kyiv Building After Devastating Drone Attack on Ukrainian Capital.
Rescuer Combats Blaze in Kyiv Building After Devastating Drone Attack on Ukrainian Capital. — AFP

The attack originated from the north and south at low altitudes, indicating that the Russian forces sought to evade Ukraine’s improving air defenses. Ukrainian military spokesperson from Operational Command South stated that the unconventional routes taken by the drones aimed to bypass the southern air defenses, flying over temporarily occupied territories and dispersing across Ukraine.

The spokesperson added that the Russian forces were attempting to hide the movement direction of the Shahed groups by gravitating towards riverbeds. Ukrainian forces continue to explore new tactics to enhance their effectiveness.

Military observers have suggested that the Russian air attacks serve the dual purpose of depleting Ukrainian air defense ammunition through the use of inexpensive Iranian drones. Ukrainian officials have expressed concerns about the shortage of anti-aircraft missiles as they plan a spring counteroffensive against Russian occupying forces.

The drone assaults occurred in the early hours of Kyiv Day, the annual celebration of the city’s founding 1,541 years ago. Despite the constant Russian air raids, resilient locals took to their balconies, shouting slogans in support of Ukrainian air defenses and defiance against Vladimir Putin and Russia.

Throughout the day, the city center bustled with crowds, engaging in street fairs, live concerts, and embracing the spirit of celebration. Residents proudly wore traditional embroidered blouses called vyshyvanka, symbolizing a summer festival infused with defiance.

The impact of the drones was felt close to home for some residents. Okseniya, a vendor selling handmade beaded necklaces, shared that pieces of a drone landed just 400 meters from her mother’s house, leaving her in fear. However, she emphasized the importance of carrying on with daily life, cherishing each moment in the face of constant danger.

The invasion has exposed divisions within the Russian leadership, as evident when the head of the Wagner mercenary group, Prigozhin, criticized the Kremlin hierarchy for suppressing his dissenting views on the conduct of the war. He warned that such censorship attempts would backfire, leading to public backlash in the long term.

As the conflict rages on, the people continue to endure and defy the adversities brought by the ongoing war, while cherishing the values and joys of life amid uncertainty.

News analysis

The news highlights a significant event that occurred in Kyiv on its founding day. Russia launched a deadly drone attack on the city, indicating an escalation of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The timing of the attack, coinciding with Kyiv’s celebration of its founding, adds a layer of symbolism and raises concerns about Russia’s intentions.

According to Ukrainian military officials, the attack involved a large number of drones, most of which were manufactured in Iran. The Ukrainian air force successfully intercepted and shot down a majority of the drones, demonstrating the effectiveness of their air defense systems. However, the attack still resulted in the loss of one life, injuries to two individuals, and damage to property.

The attack strategy employed by Russia appears to have aimed at evading Ukraine’s air defenses. The drones approached from unconventional routes, flying at low altitudes and attempting to bypass the southern air defenses. This suggests that the Russian forces are continuously adapting their tactics to overcome the improving Ukrainian defense capabilities.

It also touches upon the potential motives behind the attack. Military observers suggest that Russia may be aiming to deplete Ukraine’s ammunition by using inexpensive Iranian drones. This tactic could weaken Ukraine’s ability to defend itself during a planned spring counteroffensive against Russian occupying forces. The shortage of anti-aircraft missiles emerges as one of Ukraine’s pressing concerns, highlighting the importance of international support in addressing this issue.

It portrays the resilience and defiance of the people of Kyiv. Despite enduring frequent Russian air raids, residents took to their balconies, showing support for the Ukrainian air defenses and expressing defiance against Russia. The spirit of celebration prevailed as crowds filled the streets for the city’s founding day, with people proudly displaying traditional attire and engaging in festivities.

The news also briefly mentions internal divisions within the Russian leadership. The head of the Wagner mercenary group, Prigozhin, criticizes the Kremlin hierarchy for attempting to silence his criticisms of the war. This provides insight into the complexities and dynamics within the Russian side of the conflict.

Overall, it sheds light on a critical event that unfolded in Kyiv, underscoring the ongoing tensions between Russia and Ukraine. It emphasizes the resilience of the Ukrainian forces and the determination of the people to carry on with their lives despite the constant threat of attacks. The attack on a day of historical significance adds a symbolic dimension to the conflict and raises concerns about Russia’s intentions in the region.

SOURCE: THE GUARDIAN AND NEWS AGENCIES

Russia rejects US criticism of nuclear weapon deployments in Belarus

The Russian embassy responds to the United States’ criticism of Moscow’s tactical nuclear weapon deployment to Belarus, labeling it as hypocritical. They suggest that instead of pointing fingers at others, Washington should engage in self-reflection.

Russia has brushed off criticism from US President Joe Biden regarding Moscow’s deployment of tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus. They argue that Washington has been engaged in similar practices throughout Europe for decades.

In response to reports that Russia proceeded with the deployment in Belarus, Biden expressed an “extremely negative” reaction.

However, Russia’s embassy in the United States issued a statement defending their actions, stating that it is the sovereign right of both Russia and Belarus to ensure their security in the face of the large-scale hybrid warfare initiated by Washington. They assert that their measures align with their international legal obligations.

Tactical nuclear weapons, which are used for strategic advantages on the battlefield and typically have smaller yields compared to strategic nuclear weapons designed to target cities in the United States, Europe, or Russia, were the subject of contention.

The Russian embassy criticized the US for its hypocrisy in criticizing Moscow’s deployment, suggesting that Washington should engage in introspection before blaming others. They pointed out that the United States has maintained a significant arsenal of nuclear weapons in Europe for decades, participating in nuclear sharing arrangements with its NATO allies and conducting training scenarios involving the use of nuclear weapons against Russia.

The return of the Cold War

The United States has expressed its concerns about the most significant nuclear threat since the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, attributing it to President Vladimir Putin’s remarks during the Ukraine conflict. However, Moscow asserts that its position has been misinterpreted.

President Putin, framing the Ukraine war as a battle for Russia’s survival against an aggressive Western influence, has consistently emphasized that Russia, possessing the largest nuclear arsenal globally, will employ all means necessary to safeguard itself.

Since the Cold War era, the United States has stationed nuclear weapons in Western Europe, a measure authorized by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to counter the perceived Soviet Union threat. The initial deployment of US nuclear weapons in Europe took place in Britain in 1954.

While much of the current American deployment specifics remain classified, the Federation of American Scientists indicates that the US has approximately 100 B61 tactical nuclear weapons stationed in Europe, spread across countries such as Italy, Germany, Turkey, Belgium, and the Netherlands.

News analysis

The news highlights a statement from Russia directed towards the United States regarding the deployment of nuclear weapons in Belarus. It firmly asserts that it does not accept any lectures or criticism from the US on this matter. The statement reflects Russia’s stance on its sovereign right to deploy nuclear weapons for ensuring its security and protection, particularly in the face of what it perceives as a large-scale hybrid war unleashed by Washington.

The context of this news suggests a diplomatic disagreement between Russia and the United States over the deployment of nuclear weapons in Belarus. Russia’s response implies that it considers the US criticism as unwarranted, potentially pointing out what it perceives as double standards or hypocrisy in US foreign policy. By emphasizing its adherence to international legal obligations, it attempts to justify its actions and position itself within the bounds of legality.

This news reflects the ongoing tensions and power dynamics between Russia and the United States, particularly concerning strategic military deployments. It underscores the complexities and sensitivities surrounding nuclear weapons and their role in international relations. Such disagreements and differences of opinion can further strain the already delicate relationship between the two countries.

SOURCE: AL JAZEERA AND NEWS AGENCIES

Bedouins in Jordan face the challenges of climate change

In the face of a shifting climate, Jordan, the world’s second most water-scarce nation, is embracing adaptation measures.

Amidst the ever-changing climate, Jordan, known as the world’s second most water-scarce country, is witnessing a transformation.

In the vast desert valley, traditionally inhabited by nomadic communities relying on animal husbandry and hunting, the Bedouins of the southern region have adapted to the challenges posed by climate change by developing the area into a tourist destination.

Salaha al-Zalabeih, an 89-year-old resident of Wadi Rum, has witnessed firsthand the evolution of this UNESCO World Heritage site, now celebrated as one of Jordan’s most sought-after attractions.

Generations of the al-Zalabeih Family: Long-standing Residents of Wadi Rum, Jordan.
Generations of the al-Zalabeih family: Long-standing residents of Wadi Rum, Jordan. [Bayan Abu Ta’ema/Al Jazeera]

Reflecting on the past, she shared how her family’s traditional livelihood of herding sheep and camels became unsustainable due to decreased rainfall. Consequently, they had to relocate to the village and sell their animals. Today, the al-Zalabeih family leads guided tours and operates a camp to cater to travelers.

Impacts of Climate Change

Based on the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, Jordan is predicted to become a “red” country, indicating it will face elevated temperatures and severe droughts in the coming years. This assessment comes from Laith al-Dasouqi, an energy and climate consultant, who emphasizes the potential consequences for various regions, particularly Wadi Rum.

Residing in the Wadi Rum Village: The Home of Salaha al-Zalabeih and Her Family.
Residing in the Wadi Rum Village: The Home of Salaha al-Zalabeih and Her Family. [Bayan Abu Ta’ema/Al Jazeera]

Wadi Rum, already experiencing rising temperatures, confronts multiple climate-related issues, including water scarcity, desertification, and a heightened frequency of extreme weather events like the significant flood of November 2014. Al-Dasouqi underscores the risks faced by the local population, including disruptions to their livelihoods, the tourism industry, and soil erosion leading to the depletion of vegetation cover.

The groundwater situation in Wadi Rum is a matter of concern as it is predominantly considered non-renewable. Analysis from the BGR Water Yearbook reveals a consistent decline in groundwater levels since 1996, decreasing at a rate of approximately 1.2 meters per year. Al-Dasouqi warns that higher temperatures will intensify the demand for groundwater, impacting not only the residents of Wadi Rum but the entire country.

The projections highlight the urgent need for sustainable water management practices and adaptation strategies to mitigate the far-reaching effects of climate change on Jordan’s environment, economy, and people.

Escalation of severe weather events

Despite the increasing frequency of floods in Jordan, it has not translated into improved water accessibility for the people. In fact, as explained by al-Dasouqi, it is detrimental to the soil.

Rain remains the primary water source in Jordan, comprising surface and groundwater. However, sustaining an adequate water supply is challenging due to low rainfall and high evaporation rates. Wadi Rum receives minimal annual rainfall, with some areas experiencing almost no rainfall at all.

The Standardized Precipitation Index, a statistical measure, indicates a heightened occurrence of drought in Jordan. This overall climate change scenario significantly impacts the living conditions of Wadi Rum’s residents, affecting their access to water, food, livestock, and safe habitation.

Hala Murad, the head of the Dibeen Association for Environmental Development, emphasizes the importance of investing in development projects to mitigate the consequences of climate change. Such projects are crucial for the local population in Wadi Rum, addressing the risks posed by torrential rains and establishing infrastructure that prevents the formation of local torrents.

By allocating resources to these initiatives, Jordan can work towards safeguarding its communities and creating a more resilient environment in the face of changing weather patterns.

Living day by day

In the face of climate change, al-Zalabeih and her family approach life with a day-by-day mindset, witnessing improvements in their quality of life over the past decades. Reflecting on her own experience, al-Zalabeih notes the positive transformations in the village, such as the introduction of schools for children, which she didn’t have the opportunity to attend. Grateful for the progress made for future generations, she acknowledges the evolving circumstances.

Al-Zalabeih’s grandson, Salman, resides in the village and works with tourists throughout the year. Acknowledging the uncertainty of how climate change will impact the region in the long run, he expresses gratitude for the recent winter rains and the village’s ability to sustain itself through tourism. However, Salman also highlights some challenges arising from irresponsible tourist behavior. Some visitors bring their own vehicles, posing dangers in unfamiliar territory and causing damage to local vegetation. Additionally, littering without considering the best interests of nature is a concern.

Salman, Al-Zalabeih's grandson, engages with year-round tourists.
Salman, Al-Zalabeih’s grandson, engages with year-round tourists. [Bayan Abu Ta’ema/Al Jazeera]

Salman observes temperature differences over the years, with colder winters and warmer summers in Wadi Rum. While the increased rainfall during winters benefits desert animals by providing water, it also brings challenges. Colder temperatures require higher electricity consumption, and extreme cold can negatively affect animal survival.

Amidst these changes, the community in Wadi Rum maintains an adaptive spirit, cherishing the present while striving to balance sustainable tourism and environmental preservation.

SOURCE: AL JAZEERA

Belarusian President claims Russian transfer of nuclear warheads

Belarusian President’s remark follows pact allowing Russian deployment of weapons in the country.

Belarus President Claims Russian Transfer of Nuclear Warheads as Pact Allows Moscow to Deploy Weapons

During the Eurasian Economic Forum in Moscow, Alexander Lukashenko, the leader of Belarus, announced that Russia has initiated the movement of tactical nuclear warheads to Belarus for storage.

Lukashenko stated that preparations were made to accommodate the weapons in Belarus, and it is possible that the warheads have already arrived.

This revelation follows the signing of a pact between Russian and Belarusian military officials, permitting the deployment of tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus.

The pact marks a significant shift in Russia’s nuclear posture and could escalate tensions in Belarus amidst potential future instability.

The decision to station tactical nuclear weapons abroad is the first of its kind for Russia since 1991.

Russia intends to maintain control over these weapons, which can be launched from Iskander-M missiles or Su-25 planes, both of which Belarus possesses. With its proximity to three NATO countries and possession of missiles capable of reaching several capitals, Belarus’s involvement raises concerns.

The transfer of weapons will further align the militaries of Russia and Belarus, as Russia seeks closer ties with Minsk, potentially jeopardizing Belarusian sovereignty. Additionally, Russia anticipates a possible counterattack from Ukraine, which could put Moscow on the defensive in the ongoing 15-month-long war.

The Wagner group, a Russian paramilitary organization, has announced the withdrawal of its forces from the city of Bakhmut, handing over their positions to the regular Russian army. The situation remains tense, with expectations of Ukraine launching a counteroffensive that could challenge Russian military gains.

Amidst the developments in Ukraine, Prigozhin, an ally of Vladimir Putin, criticized the Russian military for neglecting his troops and accused them of causing significant casualties.

Meanwhile, Russian militias aligned with Ukraine carried out a cross-border raid, resulting in clashes in the Belgorod region, representing some of the most sustained fighting on Russian territory since the conflict’s start.

The Ukrainian government denied any connection to these fighters. Moreover, a recent drone attack on the Kremlin, captured on video, prompted accusations between Russia and Ukraine, with US spy agencies suggesting Ukrainian involvement.

However, Ukraine’s presidential adviser dismissed the notion of a significant change in the conflict dynamics, emphasizing the complexities and ongoing nature of the situation.

The signing of the pact between Russia and Belarus to deploy tactical nuclear weapons is a significant escalation of the conflict in Ukraine. The deployment of nuclear weapons to Belarus would put them within striking distance of several European capitals, and would raise the stakes of any future conflict between Russia and NATO.

The withdrawal of Wagner group units from Bakhmut is also significant. The Wagner group is a Russian mercenary group that has been heavily involved in the fighting in Ukraine. Its withdrawal suggests that Russia is facing increasing difficulties in the war, and may be preparing for a withdrawal from some areas of Ukraine.

The cross-border raid by Russian militias into Belgorod is a further indication of the growing instability on Russia’s borders. The raid is likely to further increase tensions between Russia and Ukraine, and could lead to further escalation of the conflict.

The drone attack on the Kremlin is a worrying development. The attack is a clear sign that the conflict in Ukraine is not limited to the battlefield, and that Russia is now facing threats from within its own borders. The attack is also a reminder of the potential for the conflict to escalate into a wider war.

The situation in Ukraine is extremely volatile, and it is difficult to predict how the conflict will develop in the coming weeks and months. However, the developments outlined above suggest that the conflict is likely to continue to escalate, and that the risk of a wider war is increasing.

SOURCE: THE GUARDIAN AND NEWS AGENCIES

500 people in distress in Mediterranean Sea

As a boat faces worsening weather conditions and begins to fill with water, the appeals for rescue made by Italian NGO Emergency have been disregarded by the Maltese authorities.

A humanitarian organization has reported that approximately 500 refugees and migrants are currently onboard a distressed boat in the Mediterranean Sea. These individuals embarked from Libya with the intention of reaching Europe. Italian NGO Emergency has stated that the vessel, carrying 45 women and 56 children, including a newborn baby born during the journey, is taking on water.

Emergency’s rescue vessel, Life Support, is en route to the location in Maltese waters but requires approximately 10 more hours to reach the distressed boat. The nationalities of the individuals onboard are currently unknown.

Albert Mayordomo, the head of the Life Support mission, expressed urgency, stating that saving as many lives as possible is a race against time. Mayordomo criticized the lack of coordination from the authorities, considering it a serious violation of maritime law.

Emergency has been in contact with the Maltese authorities following the proper maritime procedures, but as of Tuesday, when Alarm Phone flagged the distress call, no response has been received. Emergency also sought assistance from the Italian Maritime Rescue Coordination Center, which redirected the case to the Maltese authorities.

Al Jazeera’s requests for comment from the Maltese coastguard went unanswered, and the Italian authorities declined to provide a statement.

Captain Paolo Fusarini of the Life Support expressed concern about the challenging nighttime rescue operation due to unfavorable weather conditions, including 1.5-meter waves. Fusarini admitted that he is not very hopeful about reaching the location in time and fears that many lives may be lost before their arrival.

A weather map displays the boat's location amid turbulent weather conditions on Monday evening.
On Monday evening, a weather map displays the boat’s location amid turbulent weather conditions in the Mediterranean. Photo: Alarm Phone

Alarm Phone reported that the local authorities, whether Maltese or Italian, were informed about the presence of the boat. Subsequently, German NGO Sea-Watch deployed its light observation aircraft, Sea Bird, to locate the vessel. However, on Wednesday, Alarm Phone announced the loss of contact with the distressed boat, raising concerns about the fate of the 500 individuals onboard.

In the Mediterranean Sea near the coast of Libya, German NGO Jugend Rettet's ship "Juventa" crew rescues migrants aboard a wooden boat.
German NGO Jugend Rettet’s ship “Juventa” crew rescues migrants aboard a wooden boat in the Mediterranean Sea near the coast of Libya. Image: Reuters

Sea-Watch criticized the Maltese sea rescue coordination center for ignoring their calls and demanded immediate clarification.

This year, over 45,000 migrants and refugees have arrived in Italy via the Mediterranean, marking the highest number since 2017. Unfortunately, the International Organization for Migration estimates that approximately 1,090 people have died or gone missing in the Mediterranean since January.

Italy’s response is delayed, while Malta remains indifferent

A European network of 105 NGOs across 39 European countries, known as the European Council on Refugees and Exiles, has summarized the ongoing situation in the Mediterranean. They point out that Italy is causing delays, Malta is ignoring the crisis, and both Tunisia and Libya are engaging in repressive tactics.

According to the network, Italian authorities continue to assign distant ports for NGO rescue vessels to disembark survivors. Malta, on the other hand, failed to rescue over 7,000 distressed individuals in its search and rescue zone in 2022, and reports of non-responsive tactics persist.

On January 2, the Italian government passed legislation mandating rescue ship captains to request an immediate port after a rescue, rather than staying at sea to assist with multiple distress calls. This policy has led to increased costs and decreased operational efficiency, as per the NGOs.

Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni has denied claims that government policies discouraging migration played a role in a fatal shipwreck off the country’s southern coast in March, where at least 72 people lost their lives. However, nearly two weeks after the incident, Italy’s coastguard conducted a large-scale rescue operation, saving over 1,000 stranded individuals on three distressed boats.

The Maltese government has also faced criticism. A report published in March by the Civil Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre, a network of non-governmental actors involved in search and rescue operations in the Mediterranean, revealed that Maltese authorities frequently abandoned those in need of rescue at sea. The report stated that in 2022, more than 20,000 distressed individuals were ignored, 413 boats requesting assistance were not aided, and only three boats were rescued by Malta’s armed forces.

The report further highlighted that non-assistance has become a regular part of lethal measures aimed at reducing arrivals in Malta. In 2023, Maltese authorities have only rescued 92 people thus far, reinforcing concerns about their response to the ongoing crisis.

SOURCE: AL JAZEERA

Social media poses harm to children – US health official

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US surgeon general advocates for increased oversight and extensive studies regarding the utilization of social media platforms by minors.

The nation’s doctor, Vivek Murthy, has warned that social media can have a “profound risk of harm” to children’s mental health and well-being. In a report released on Tuesday, Murthy drew on existing research to outline the potential negative effects of social media on children, including increased risk of depression, anxiety, and sleep problems. He also called for more regulations and research on minors’ use of social media.

On July 15, 2021, Surgeon General Vivek Murthy addresses the media alongside White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki at the White House in Washington, D.C.
On July 15, 2021, Surgeon General Vivek Murthy addresses the media alongside White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki at the White House in Washington, D.C. Tom Brenner | Reuters

Murthy’s report is the latest in a growing body of research that suggests that social media can have a negative impact on children’s mental health. A 2020 study by the Pew Research Center found that 69% of teens who use social media say they have experienced at least one negative effect from it, such as feeling anxious or depressed. And a 2021 study by the University of Pittsburgh found that teens who use social media for more than three hours a day are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety than those who use it for less than an hour a day.

Amidst a drastic surge in teenage depression, sadness, and hopelessness over the last decade, the surgeon general highlights the perils of social media.
Amidst a drastic surge in teenage depression, sadness, and hopelessness over the last decade, the surgeon general highlights the perils of social media. Carol Yepes / Getty Images

Murthy’s report calls for more research on the effects of social media on children’s mental health, as well as for more regulations to protect children from harmful content. He also recommends that parents talk to their children about the risks of social media and set limits on their use.

The report comes at a time when social media use is on the rise among children and adolescents. According to the Pew Research Center, 95% of teens use some form of social media, and the average teen spends more than two hours a day on social media.

High school students engage with their mobile phones. (iStock)

The potential negative effects of social media on children’s mental health are a serious concern. Parents, educators, and policymakers need to work together to find ways to protect children from these risks.

The surgeon general’s advisory on social media use warned of potential harms to children and teens, including:

  • Sleep deprivation: Excessive social media use can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to fatigue, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
  • Mental health issues: Social media use has been linked to increased risk of depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem.
  • Cyberbullying: Social media can be used to bully and harass others, which can have a devastating impact on victims.
  • Access to extreme content: Social media can expose children and teens to violent, graphic, or sexual content that can be harmful to their development.
  • Predatory behavior: Social media can be used by predators to target and exploit children and teens.

The advisory noted that children and teens are especially vulnerable to the negative effects of social media because they are undergoing a “highly sensitive period of brain development.” The brain is still developing during adolescence, and social media can have a significant impact on how the brain functions.

The advisory called for parents, educators, and policymakers to work together to protect children and teens from the negative effects of social media. Parents can talk to their children about the risks of social media and set limits on their use. Educators can teach children about online safety and cyberbullying. Policymakers can regulate social media companies to ensure that they are doing more to protect children and teens.

The surgeon general’s advisory is a wake-up call for parents, educators, and policymakers. Social media is a powerful tool, but it can also be harmful. We need to work together to protect children and teens from the negative effects of social media.

The surgeon general’s advisory on social media use comes amid growing concerns about the prevalence of social media use among children. Government officials are struggling to set guidelines for social media use by children, and there is a lack of research on the issue.

In Utah, a law was passed earlier this year that would require parental consent for minors to join social media platforms and block children’s access to the websites between 10:30pm and 6:30am. The regulations will go into effect next year, but it is unclear how they will be enforced.

The surgeon general’s advisory noted that social media can have potential benefits for children, such as exposing them to others who share their identities and experiences and enabling them to form friendships and have positive interactions online. However, the advisory also warned of the potential harms of social media use, such as sleep deprivation, mental health issues, cyberbullying, access to extreme content, and being susceptible to predatory behavior from adults.

The advisory called for parents, educators, and policymakers to work together to protect children and teens from the negative effects of social media. Parents can talk to their children about the risks of social media and set limits on their use. Educators can teach children about online safety and cyberbullying. Policymakers can regulate social media companies to ensure that they are doing more to protect children and teens.

The surgeon general’s advisory is a wake-up call for parents, educators, and policymakers. Social media is a powerful tool, but it can also be harmful. We need to work together to protect children and teens from the negative effects of social media.

Social media platforms are designed to keep users engaged for as long as possible. They do this by using a variety of techniques, such as push notifications, infinite scroll, “likes,” and content recommendations. These techniques can lead to excessive use of social media, which can have a number of negative consequences, including:

  • Behavioral dysregulation: Excessive social media use can lead to problems with impulse control and self-regulation. This can make it difficult for people to focus on other tasks, make decisions, and control their emotions.
  • Exposure to extreme, inappropriate, and harmful content: Social media can expose people to a wide range of content, including some that is extreme, inappropriate, and harmful. This content can have a negative impact on people’s mental health and well-being.
  • Risk-taking and self-harm: Social media can encourage risk-taking and self-harm behaviors. For example, viral “challenges” on social media often dare users to engage in dangerous activities. In some cases, these challenges have led to serious injuries or even death.
  • Body dissatisfaction, disordered eating behaviors, social comparison, and low self-esteem: Social media can perpetuate body dissatisfaction, disordered eating behaviors, social comparison, and low self-esteem, especially among adolescent girls. This is because social media often presents an idealized view of reality that can make people feel like they don’t measure up.

It is important to be aware of the potential risks associated with social media use and to take steps to mitigate these risks. Some tips for safe social media use include:

  • Limit your time on social media: Set limits on how much time you spend on social media each day.
  • Be selective about the content you consume: Only follow accounts that are positive and uplifting.
  • Take breaks from social media: Take breaks from social media throughout the day, especially if you find yourself feeling anxious or stressed.
  • Talk to someone you trust: If you are struggling with the negative effects of social media, talk to a trusted friend, family member, or therapist.

The Surgeon General issued a list of recommendations for policymakers, researchers, social media companies, parents, and children to help protect children from the potential harms of social media.

  • Policymakers: Implement age-appropriate health and safety standards for children, such as designing technology that is appropriate and safe for a child’s developmental stage, and protecting children and adolescents from accessing harmful content.
  • Researchers: Conduct more research on the effects of social media on children’s mental and physical health, and develop interventions to mitigate the risks.
  • Social media companies: Develop and implement tools to help children use social media safely and responsibly, such as tools to limit screen time, block unwanted content, and report harmful behavior.
  • Parents: Set boundaries on children’s social media use, talk to children about the risks of social media, and model safe and responsible social media use.
  • Children: Be aware of the risks of social media, use social media responsibly, and talk to a trusted adult if you are concerned about the effects of social media on your mental or physical health.

The Surgeon General’s recommendations are a call to action for all stakeholders to work together to protect children from the potential harms of social media. By taking these steps, we can help ensure that social media can be a positive force in children’s lives.

Here are some additional tips for parents and caregivers on how to help children use social media safely:

  • Talk to your children about social media and its potential risks.
  • Set rules and limits for social media use.
  • Monitor your children’s social media activity.
  • Talk to your children about the content they see on social media.
  • Encourage your children to be respectful and kind to others online.
  • Teach your children how to report cyberbullying and other harmful behavior.

By following these tips, you can help your children use social media safely and responsibly.

SOURCE: AL JAZEERA

Bakhmut capture would symbolize ‘a hollow triumph for Wagner’

Bakhmut, a once-thriving city in eastern Ukraine, has been reduced to ruins after months of heavy shelling by Russian forces.

We interviewed a Ukrainian military expert, serviceman, and analyst to gather insights on the potential implications of the capture of Bakhmut.

The city, which had a pre-war population of about 70,000, is now largely deserted. Buildings have been reduced to rubble, and the streets are littered with debris.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has compared Bakhmut to Hiroshima after the atomic bombing in 1945.

“Nothing alive left,” Zelenskyy said in a video address on Sunday. “All of the buildings have been ruined.”

Hours earlier, Yevgeny Prigozhin, head of the Wagner mercenary group, announced that Russian forces had taken control of Bakhmut. However, Ukrainian officials have denied this claim, saying that they still control parts of the city.

If confirmed, Bakhmut’s capture would be a significant victory for Russia. The city is located on a key strategic route, and its fall would open up the way for Russian forces to advance further into eastern Ukraine.

The destruction of Bakhmut is a stark reminder of the human cost of the war in Ukraine. Millions of people have been displaced from their homes, and thousands have been killed. The war has also caused a humanitarian crisis, with millions of people in need of food, water, and shelter.

The international community has condemned Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and imposed a series of sanctions on the country. However, the war shows no signs of abating, and it is unclear when it will end.

The city, located in eastern Ukraine, was seized by Wagner, a Russian mercenary group, after months of heavy fighting. However, the victory came at a high cost for Russia.

Wagner’s forces were largely made up of untrained inmates recruited from Russian prisons. They were poorly equipped and led, and they suffered heavy casualties in their slow, street-by-street advance on Bakhmut.

In the end, Wagner was able to capture the city only because of the overwhelming use of artillery and air strikes. However, the city is now in ruins, and Russia’s victory has come at a significant cost in terms of both manpower and equipment.

The capture of Bakhmut is a symbolic victory for Russia, but it is unlikely to have any significant strategic impact on the war. The city is located on a key strategic route, but it is not a major population center. And while its capture will allow Russia to open up a new front in the war, it is unlikely to change the course of the conflict.

The real significance of the battle for Bakhmut is that it has shown the limits of Russia’s military power. The Russian army has been unable to achieve its objectives in Ukraine, and it has suffered heavy casualties in the process. The capture of Bakhmut is a reminder that Russia is not invincible, and that it may not be able to achieve its goals in the war.

The battle for Bakhmut is also a reminder of the human cost of war. Thousands of people have been killed or injured in the fighting, and millions more have been displaced from their homes. The war has caused a humanitarian crisis in Ukraine, and it is unclear when it will end.

They desire my return

Some soldiers are expressing doubts about their commanders, who they say are forcing them to return to the fighting even though they are not fit for duty.

One soldier, who asked to remain anonymous, said he was wounded in an explosion and now has double vision and five contusions. He said he was sent back to the front lines after only a few days of medical treatment.

An exhausted Ukrainian serviceman seeks respite in a bomb shelter on the frontlines of Bakhmut, Donetsk region, on April 23, 2023, amidst the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine.
An exhausted Ukrainian serviceman seeks respite in a bomb shelter on the frontlines of Bakhmut, Donetsk region, on April 23, 2023, amidst the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine. AFP

“Do they have to finish him off there?” his wife asked. “Why can’t they find someone younger, someone who hasn’t been wounded that many times?”

The takeover of Bakhmut by Russian forces is a major setback for Ukraine. The city is located on a key strategic route, and its fall could open up the way for Russian forces to advance further into eastern Ukraine.

The loss of Bakhmut could also delay a much-needed counteroffensive by Ukrainian forces. The counterattack was apparently aimed at saving the remaining Ukrainian servicemen, but it may have come too late.

Dedicated Ukrainian servicemen carefully transport a wounded comrade through the streets of Bakhmut, Donetsk region, on April 23, 2023, amidst the tense frontline situation during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Dedicated Ukrainian servicemen carefully transport a wounded comrade through the streets of Bakhmut, Donetsk region, on April 23, 2023, amidst the tense frontline situation during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. AFP

The delay in the counteroffensive is also due to the arrival of new Western weaponry, especially advanced German-made Leopard A1 tanks. Ukrainian forces will need time to receive and test these tanks before they can launch a new offensive.

The delay in the counteroffensive could have a devastating impact on Ukraine’s economy. The country’s economy shrank by almost a third last year and has barely started recovering. The war is also preventing millions of refugees from returning home.

If the war continues for years, it could have a devastating impact on Ukraine’s economy and its ability to rebuild. Western governments and millions of refugees are waiting for the war to end so they can pour aid into Ukraine and help the country recover.

The decision of whether to return to the front lines or desert is a difficult one for many Ukrainian soldiers. They are facing a war that is taking a heavy toll on their country and their lives.

Kremlin celebrates with joy

The Russian government is trying to spin the takeover of Bakhmut as a major victory, but even some of its own supporters are not buying it.

The Kremlin has released a statement promising state awards to “all those who distinguished themselves” in the battle for Bakhmut, and pro-war Russians have been competing to praise the “triumph.”

However, some figures on Moscow’s side who dare contradict the Kremlin’s viewpoint do not consider Bakhmut’s takeover as a major event.

“The efforts wasted on Bakhmut’s takeover are incalculable,” Aleksandr Khodarovsky, a commander in the separatist-controlled “People’s Republic of Donetsk” wrote on Telegram on Sunday. “Bakhmut is no Berlin, and its fall doesn’t signify the war’s end.”

Another rebel warlord echoed Romanenko’s words about Russia’s “Pyrrhic” victory.

“It wasn’t even approximately worth the forces and funds spent on it,” Igor Girkin, a former defence minister in separatist-occupied Donetsk, said in a Telegram post.

The Kremlin’s efforts to spin Bakhmut’s takeover as a victory are likely to be met with skepticism by many Russians. The battle for the city has been long and bloody, and it is clear that Russia has suffered heavy losses. The fall of Bakhmut does not mean that the war is over, and it is likely that Russia will continue to face stiff resistance from Ukrainian forces.

SOURCE: AL JAZEERA

G7 opposes China’s “economic coercion”.

G7 sends strong message to Russia by inviting Volodymyr Zelensky to Hiroshima, also addressing China.

G7 annual summit commences in Hiroshima, Japan, on Friday.
G7 annual summit commences in Hiroshima, Japan, on Friday. [Philip Fong/ AFP]

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak emphasizes China as the “greatest challenge of our age” for global security and prosperity, citing its increasing authoritarianism both domestically and internationally.

Rishi Sunak acknowledges China as a challenge to global security and prosperity.
Rishi Sunak acknowledges China as a challenge to global security and prosperity.

The G7 leaders address Beijing on key issues like the Indo-Pacific, Taiwan, and “economic coercion” in two separate statements. However, the G7 faces a delicate balancing act due to their economic interdependence with China and growing competition, coupled with disagreements on human rights and other matters.

The G7 expresses concern over being held hostage as Beijing imposes trade sanctions on countries that displease it. Examples include South Korea for installing a US missile defense system and Australia during strained relations.

The European Union was alarmed when China blocked Lithuanian exports over Taiwan-related matters. The G7 condemns the “disturbing rise” of the “weaponization of economic vulnerabilities”.

The G7 has condemned China’s economic coercion, which it says is designed to undermine the foreign and domestic policies of G7 members and their partners. The group has called for a “de-risking” strategy, which would involve diversifying trade sources and protecting trade and technology. The G7 has also launched a “coordination platform” to counter coercion and work with emerging economies. This platform is still vague on how it will work, but it is likely to involve countries helping each other out by increasing trade or funding to work around any blockages put up by China.

The G7 also plans to strengthen supply chains for important goods such as minerals and semiconductors, and beef up digital infrastructure to prevent hacking and stealing of technology. The biggest stick the G7 plans to wield is multilateral export controls. This means working together to ensure that their technologies, particularly those used in military and intelligence, do not end up in the hands of “malicious actors.”

Here is a more detailed explanation of each of the G7’s proposed measures:

  • De-risking: This is a policy of diversification and risk reduction. It would involve reducing reliance on China for critical goods and services, and diversifying trade partners. This would make it more difficult for China to use economic coercion to achieve its political goals.
  • Coordination platform: This is a new initiative to help countries work together to counter economic coercion. It would provide a forum for countries to share information and coordinate their responses to coercion. The platform is still in its early stages, but it has the potential to be a valuable tool for countries that are facing economic coercion from China.
  • Strengthening supply chains: This is a measure to make G7 countries less reliant on China for critical goods and services. It would involve investing in domestic production and diversifying supply chains. This would make it more difficult for China to disrupt G7 countries’ economies.
  • Beefing up digital infrastructure: This is a measure to protect G7 countries’ digital infrastructure from hacking and stealing of technology. It would involve investing in cybersecurity and strengthening intellectual property rights. This would make it more difficult for China to steal G7 countries’ technology.
  • Multilateral export controls: This is a measure to prevent the export of sensitive technologies to countries that could use them for malicious purposes. It would involve working together with other countries to create a list of sensitive technologies and to enforce export controls. This would make it more difficult for China to acquire sensitive technologies that could be used to harm G7 countries.

The G7’s proposed measures are a significant response to China’s economic coercion. They are designed to make it more difficult for China to achieve its political goals through economic means. The measures are also designed to strengthen G7 countries’ economies and to protect their interests.

The G7’s response to China’s economic coercion is a significant development. It shows that the G7 is united in its concern about China’s behavior and is willing to take steps to address it. The measures that the G7 has proposed are designed to make it more difficult for China to use economic coercion to achieve its political goals. They are also designed to strengthen G7 countries’ economies and to protect their interests.

It is unclear how China will respond to the G7’s measures. In the past, China has responded to criticism by accusing the West of trying to contain China’s rise. It is possible that China will take a similar approach this time. However, it is also possible that China will be more conciliatory, in an effort to avoid further escalation of tensions.

Only time will tell how China will respond to the G7’s measures. However, the G7’s response is a significant development and it is likely to have a major impact on the relationship between China and the West.

The G7’s response is also a sign of the growing tensions between China and the West. These tensions are likely to continue to grow in the years to come. It is important to remember that China is a major power and that it is not going to change its behavior simply because the West asks it to. The G7’s response is a step in the right direction, but it is only a first step. It will take a sustained effort by the West to convince China to change its behavior.

China has been anticipating the G7’s statements and has been preparing its response. In the days leading up to the summit, Chinese state media and embassies have been putting out pieces accusing the United States of its own economic coercion and hypocrisy.

On Saturday evening, China accused the G7 of “smearing and attacking” China and lodged a complaint with summit organizer Japan. China also urged the other G7 countries not to become the United States’ “accomplice in economic coercion,” and called on them to “stop ganging up to form exclusive blocs” and “containing and bludgeoning other countries.”

It is worth noting that China has also been seeking to create its own alliances with other countries. Just as the G7 summit kicked off, China hosted a parallel meeting with Central Asian countries.

It is still not clear if the G7’s plan will work. However, it is likely to be welcomed by those who have called for a clear strategy to handle China’s encroachments.

Indo-Pacific and China expert Andrew Small praised the statement as having “the feel of a real consensus,” noting that it expressed the “center-ground” view of the G7.

“There are still major debates playing out around what ‘de-risking’ actually means, how far some of the sensitive technology export restrictions should go, and what sort of collective measures need to be taken against economic coercion,” said Dr. Small, a senior transatlantic fellow with the German Marshall Fund think tank.

“But there is now a clear and explicit framing around how the economic relationships with China among the advanced industrial economies need to be rebalanced.”

In other words, the G7 is signaling that it is ready to take a more assertive stance towards China. This is a significant development, and it is likely to have a major impact on the relationship between China and the West.

SOURCE: BBC AND NEWS AGENCIES

Prehistoric Planet, Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park

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Prehistoric Planet, Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park

Prehistoric Planet: In a captivating series that transcends the boundaries of traditional dinosaur narratives, renowned broadcaster David Attenborough presents a stunning exploration of prehistoric creatures in Prehistoric Planet. This article delves into the remarkable television series that goes beyond the realm of Jurassic Park and redefines our understanding of dinosaurs. Through breathtaking visuals and compelling storytelling, Attenborough brings these ancient giants to life, offering a fresh perspective on their existence and their relevance to our modern world.

A New Era of Dinosaur Storytelling:

David Attenborough’s Prehistoric Planet series takes viewers on a mesmerizing journey into the world of dinosaurs, shedding light on their remarkable biology, behavior, and evolution. Unlike previous representations that often focused on their ferocity and extinction, this series highlights the diversity and complexity of dinosaurs as a successful group of animals that once dominated the Earth.

Prehistoric Planet, Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park. Image: Apple TV
Prehistoric Planet, Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park. Image: Apple TV

Unveiling the Beauty and Diversity:

By employing cutting-edge CGI and immersive cinematography, Attenborough’s series showcases the awe-inspiring beauty of dinosaurs in their natural habitats. The visual effects breathe life into these ancient creatures, revealing their vibrant colors, intricate features, and astonishing adaptations. From feathered dinosaurs to aquatic giants, the series presents a vivid portrayal of the vast array of dinosaur species that once roamed the Earth.

Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park
Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park. Image: Apple TV

Scientific Rigor and Expert Insights:

The series combines scientific rigor with captivating storytelling, drawing on the expertise of paleontologists and researchers to unravel the mysteries of the dinosaur world. Through interviews and fieldwork, Attenborough engages with leading scientists, allowing viewers to gain valuable insights into the latest discoveries and theories surrounding dinosaurs’ behavior, anatomy, and ecological roles.

Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park
Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park. Image: Apple TV

The Modern Relevance of Dinosaurs:

Beyond their historical significance, the series highlights the relevance of dinosaurs in understanding our planet’s past and present. Attenborough emphasizes the connections between dinosaurs and modern-day animals, shedding light on evolutionary links and ecological patterns that have persisted for millions of years. By studying dinosaurs, scientists gain valuable insights into Earth‘s ecosystems, climate change, and the fragility of biodiversity.

Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park
Redefining Dinosaurs: Exploring the Spectacular David Attenborough Series Beyond Jurassic Park. Image: Apple TV

Inspiring Conservation and Environmental Awareness:

Attenborough’s series also serves as a powerful tool to inspire conservation efforts and raise awareness about the need to protect Earth’s delicate ecosystems. By showcasing the dramatic rise and fall of dinosaurs, the series underscores the vulnerability of species and the importance of preserving biodiversity for future generations.

David Attenborough’s groundbreaking series redefines the way we perceive dinosaurs, taking us on an extraordinary journey through time to unravel their mysteries. Through breathtaking visuals, scientific insights, and environmental messaging, the series offers a captivating exploration of these ancient creatures. By bridging the gap between the past and the present, Attenborough invites us to appreciate the profound impact dinosaurs have on our understanding of the natural world and our responsibility to safeguard it.

Read in Bengali: Samoyiki

Zelensky leads summit, G7 leaders criticize China

Zelensky steals the spotlight at G7 summit, leaders indirectly caution China.

Ukraine’s President Zelensky joins major democracies at G7 summit in Japan, aiming for unity against Russia and China.

G7 talks in Hiroshima address global issues, including countering Beijing’s assertiveness and addressing the ongoing war in Europe.

Zelensky’s arrival emphasizes the need for Western unity in the face of Russian aggression.

Zelensky lands at Hiroshima airport.

G7 issues a joint communique strongly condemning Russia’s war on Ukraine and expressing unwavering support for Ukraine’s pursuit of peace.

Sanctions against Moscow announced, with US providing military support, including F16 fighter jets and training for Ukrainian pilots.

Biden expected to unveil a $375 million military aid package for Ukraine after Zelensky’s speech.

G7 leaders also discuss climate change and emerging technologies alongside the Ukraine crisis.

Ukrainian president arrives in Hiroshima via French government plane, following a stopover in Saudi Arabia.

G7 leaders issue early statement condemning Russia due to Zelensky’s impromptu visit.

Leaders caution against “economic coercion” allegedly practiced by Beijing towards several nations.

This year’s G7 summit expands invitations to emerging economies in the Global South, India, and Australia.

G7 leaders gather in Hiroshima on May 20, 2023.
World leaders from G7 and invited nations gather in Hiroshima on May 20, 2023. Brendan Smialowski/Pool/Reuters

Ukraine war takes top priority, with Zelensky’s sudden appearance adding significance and urgency to discussions, along with his celebrity status.

Zelensky’s arrival coincides with the US announcement of training Ukrainian pilots on American-made F-16 fighter jets and allies’ provision of advanced warplanes to Kyiv, triggering condemnation from Russia and praise from Zelensky as a “historic” move.

Amidst speculation, Zelensky’s trip to Japan dominates news cycle for 24 hours.

Conflicting signals from Ukrainian officials create uncertainty over his visit, indicating a sudden decision despite discussions with Japanese PM weeks ago.

Exact arrival time kept secret until Japanese TV stations reveal live footage of Zelensky landing at Hiroshima airport on a plane loaned by ally Macron.

Zelensky swiftly engages in one-on-one meetings with various world leaders, including a friendly exchange with British PM Rishi Sunak.

Zelensky’s presence not only energizes diplomatic proceedings but also overshadows them.

G7 leaders unconcerned about failed sanctions against Russia, pledge to “starve” its “war machine” remains ambiguous.

Leaders’ physical proximity to Zelensky sends a strong message to Moscow that they are serious.

Message also aimed at China, Moscow’s ally.

Final statement emphasizes commitment to nuclear non-proliferation, climate change, and Indo-Pacific region.

Invitation of countries like Indonesia, India, and the Cook Islands illustrates dedication to the region.

Leaders express support for South East Asian and Pacific nations, targeted by China’s influence, and advocate for a “free and open Indo-Pacific” in response to territorial claims in the South China Sea.

They strongly condemn “economic coercion” and urge China to abide by international rules.

Commitment to “economic resilience” highlighted, including efforts to reduce dependence on critical supply chains linked to China.

Leaders emphasize desire for constructive and stable relations with China, clarifying their policies aim neither to harm China nor impede its economic progress and development.

China expresses “strong dissatisfaction” with G7’s joint statement and lodges complaint with summit organizer Japan, according to Beijing’s foreign ministry.

Foreign ministry spokesman accuses G7 of manipulating China-related issues, smearing and attacking China.

Summit concludes on Sunday, with expected speeches from Zelensky, President Biden, and PM Kishida.

A unified stance on China?

G7 summit’s focus extends beyond Russia to include China.

Differences persist between the US and Europe in managing their relationships with China.

Joint communique emphasizes countering “economic coercion” and protecting advanced technologies, while expressing the need for cooperation with Beijing.

Leaders caution against interference activities that undermine democratic institutions and economic prosperity, alluding to recent allegations against China.

Separate statement on economic security targets Beijing’s leadership, highlighting concerns over supply chain resilience, harmful industrial subsidies, and protection of sensitive technologies.

Western leaders frame measures as a response to China’s economic practices and coercive diplomacy.

China pushes back ahead of G7 discussions, accusing the US of coercive diplomacy.

Russian Foreign Minister sees G7 decisions as a deterrent to Russia and China, citing a goal of Western global dominance.

SOURCE: BBC AND NEWS AGENCIES